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JavaSercer Pages Appendix B. JSP API Reference Besides (Paypal hosting)

JavaSercer Pages Appendix B. JSP API Reference Besides the JSP elements described in Appendix A, the JSP specification also defines a number of Java classes and interfaces. Instances of some of these classes are assigned to the implicit variables available to scripting elements in a JSP page. Others are used for development of custom actions and to allow JSP container vendors to encapsulate internal implementations. This appendix describes the classes and interfaces in all these categories. B.1 Implicit Variables The JSP specification defines a number of implicit variables. Most of the implicit variables have types defined by classes and interfaces in the servlet specification’s javax.servlet.http package, but two are part of the JSP javax.servlet.jsp package and one is part of the Java core API. Scripting elements in a JSP page can use these objects to access request and response information as well as objects saved in one of the JSP scopes: page, request, session, and application. application Synopsis Variable Name: application Interface Name: javax.servlet.ServletContext Extends: None Implemented by: Internal container-dependent class JSP Page Type: Available in both regular JSP pages and error pages Description The ServletContext provides resources shared within a web application. It holds attribute values representing the JSP application scope. An attribute value can be an instance of any valid Java class. It also defines a set of methods that a JSP page or a servlet uses to communicate with its container, for example, to get the MIME type of a file, dispatch requests, or write to a log file. The web container is responsible for providing an implementation of the ServletContext interface. A ServletContext is assigned a specific URI path prefix within a web server. For example, a context could be responsible for all resources under http://www.mycorp.com/catalog. All requests that start with the /catalog request path, which is known as the context path, are routed to this servlet context. Only one instance of a ServletContext may be available to the servlets and JSP pages in a web application. If the web application indicates that it is distributable, there must be only one instance of the ServletContext object in use per application per Java Virtual Machine. Interface Declaration public interface ServletContext { public Object getAttribute(String name); public Enumeration getAttributeNames( ); public ServletContext getContext(String uripath); public String getInitParameter(String name); public Enumeration getInitParameterNames( ); public int getMajorVersion( ); public String getMimeType(String filename); public int getMinorVersion( ); public RequestDispatcher getNamedDispatcher(String name); public String getRealPath(String path); public RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String path); public URL getResource(String path) throws MalformedURLException; page 270
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JavaSercer Pages A.5 Escape Characters Since certain character

JavaSercer Pages A.5 Escape Characters Since certain character sequences are used to represent start and stop tags, you sometimes need to escape a character so the container doesn’t interpret it as part of a special character sequence. In a scripting element, if you need to use the characters %> literally, you must escape the greater-than character with a backslash: <% String msg = "Literal %> must be escaped”; %> To avoid the character sequence <% in template text being interpreted as the start of a scripting element, you must escape the percent sign: This is template text, and <% is not a start of a scriptlet. In an attribute value, you must use the following escapes: attr='a value with an escaped ' single quote' attr="a value with an escaped " double quote" attr="a value with an escaped \ backslash" attr="a value with an escaped %> scripting end tag” attr=”a value with an escaped <% scripting start tag" page 269
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JavaSercer Pages 5. If the object is not found in the specified scope, and the class attribute specifies a nonabstract class with a public no-arg constructor, a new instance of the class is created and associated with the scripting variable and with the specified name in the specified scope. After this, Step 7 is performed. If the object is not found and the specified class doesn’t fulfill the requirements, a InstantiationException is thrown. This completes the processing of the action. 6. If the object is not found in the specified scope and the beanName attribute is specified, the instantiate( ) method of the java.beans.Beans class is invoked, with the ClassLoader of the JSP implementation class instance and the beanName as arguments. If the method succeeds, the new object reference is associated with the scripting variable and with the specified name in the specified scope. After this, Step 7 is performed. 7. If the action element has a nonempty body, the body is processed. The scripting variable is initialized and available within the scope of the body. The text of the body is treated as elsewhere: any template text is passed through to the response, and scriptlets and action tags are evaluated. A common use of a nonempty body is to complete initializing the created instance; in that case, the body typically contains actions and scriptlets. This completes the processing of the action. Example: A.3.10 Custom Actions A custom action element can be developed by a programmer to extend the JSP language. The examples in this java blog use custom actions for database access, internationalization, access control, and more. They are described in Appendix C. The general syntax for custom actions is the same as for the JSP standard actions: a start tag (optionally with attributes), a body, and an end tag. Other elements and template text can be nested in the body. Here’s an example:

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JavaSercer Pages If the value is a string, either in the form of a request parameter value or explicitly specified by the value attribute, it is converted to the property’s type as described in Table A.10. Table A.10, Conversion of String Value to Property Type Property Type Conversion Method boolean or Boolean Boolean.valueOf(String) byte or Byte Byte.valueOf(String) char or Character String.charAt(int) double or Double Double.valueOf(String) int or Integer Integer.valueOf(String) float or Float Float.valueOf(String) long or Long Long.valueOf(String) Example: tomcat hosting services

JavaSercer Pages hspace String No Optional. The amount (Web hosting paypal)

JavaSercer Pages hspace String No Optional. The amount of whitespace to be inserted to the left and right of the applet area, in pixels. iepluginurl String No Optional. The URL for the location of the Internet Explorer Java Plugin. The default is implementation-dependent. jreversion String No Optional. Identifies the spec version number of the JRE the component requires in order to operate. The default is 1.1. name String No Optional. The applet name, used by other applets on the same page that need to communicate with it. nspluginurl String No Optional. The URL for the location of the Netscape Java Plugin. The default is implementation-dependent. title String No Optional. Text to be rendered by the browser for the applet in a some way, for instance as a “tool tip.” type String No Mandatory. The type of object to embed, one of applet or bean. vspace String No Optional. The amount of whitespace to be inserted above and below the applet area, in pixels. width String No Optional. The width of the applet area, in pixels or percentage. Example: Plugin tag OBJECT or EMBED not supported by browser. A.3.8 The action sets the value of one or more bean properties. The attributes described in Table A.9 are supported. Table A.9, Attributes Attribute Name Java Type Request-Time Value Accepted Description name String No Mandatory. The name assigned to a bean in one of the JSP scopes. property String No Mandatory. The name of the bean’s property to set, or an asterisk (*) to set all properties with names matching request parameters. param String No Optional. The name of a request parameter that holds the value to use for the specified property. If omitted, the parameter name and the property name must be the same. value See below Yes Optional. An explicit value to assign to the property. This attribute cannot be combined with the param attribute. The property type can be any valid Java type, including primitive types and arrays (i.e., an indexed property). If a runtime attribute value is specified by the value attribute, the type of the expression must match the property’s type. page 266

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JavaSercer Pages A.3.5 The action can be used in the body of a or action to specify additional request parameters for the target resource, as well as in the body of a action to specify applet parameters. The attributes described in Table A.7 are supported. Table A.7, Attributes Attribute Name Java Type Request-Time Value Accepted Description name String No Mandatory. The parameter name. value String Yes Mandatory. The parameter value. Example: A.3.7 The action generates HTML or