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Chapter 2 DATABASE DESIGN FOR SQL SERVER 2000 87 ever, and several require special handling in applications and design considerations. Assigning a data type to an object defines four attributes of the object: The kind of data contained by the object The length of the data stored The precision of numeric data types The scale of numeric data types Selecting an appropriate data type is an important decision that must take into account the application, usage of the data, and future trends. Particularly with numeric data you must be careful to select a Support for bigint A lot of the func type that is large enough to store the data. In character data types tions, statements, and system stored you want to be careful to not waste storage unnecessarily by config procedures that accepted int expres uring the size of the data to be larger than necessary. sions for their parameters in the previous SQL Server versions have not been changed to support conversion Numeric Data Types of bigint expressions to those para- Numeric data can be defined as integer data, in a variety of sizes for meters. Thus, SQL Server converts whole numbers or one of several different types that accommodate bigint to int only when the bigint decimal point storage for real numbers. value is within the range supported by the int data type. A conversion error The bigint data type is an 8-byte integer type that is new to SQL occurs at run time if the bigint Server 2000 and allows for the storage of very large integer numbers. A expression contains a value outside bigint supports values in the range from 9,223,372,036,854,775,808 the range supported by the int through +9,223,372,036,854,775,807. data type. Other integer data types support a variety of smaller integers. The int data type, using 4 bytes of storage, supports values in the range NOTE from 2,147,483,648 through +2,147,483,647. The smallint data type uses 2 bytes and supports from 32,768 through +32,767, and the smallest integer data type tinyint, at only a single byte, supports values from 0 through 255. Decimal and Numeric are functionally the same data type, and allow for the storage of a Fixed precision and scale numeric data from 10^38 +1 through 10^38 1. Depending on the precision chosen, this data type uses from 5 to 17 bytes for the storage of values as summarized in Table 2.2.

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